Approved by Faculty Senate.

University Studies Course Approval

Department of Physical Education and Recreation
PER Course Number: 214
Course Title: Standard First Aid/CPR
Semester Hours: 3 SH
Frequency of Offering: Every Semester
Catalog Description: Accident scene management, victim assessment, basic life support,
injury management and victim care, knowledge and active involvement are emphasized.
"Red Cross First Aid/CPR" certifications are earned.

YES, this is an existing course previously approved by A2C2

NO, this is not a new course proposal

University Studies Approval is requested under Physical Development and Wellness in the BASIC SKILL area.

GENERAL COURSE INFORMATION:

Standard First Aid/CPR is a three-credit course, which fulfills the Physical Development and
Wellness requirement in the WSU University Studies Program.

The major focus of this course is directed toward supplying the student with essential information
for the development of student’s First Aid/CPR knowledge, practical skill and ability as well as
informed personal judgement as it relates to emergency situations (injury or illness).

Upon completion of the course, participants will be prepared through informed knowledge and
skill development to meet the needs of emergency First Aid/CPR situations and care as needed
until trained medical assistance becomes available.

In addition, the student will have increased their personal safety and accident/illness prevention
knowledge by becoming acquainted with accident causes and the appropriate action that can be
taken to eliminate or minimize such situations.

As required by the WSU University Studies approval process, all accepted Physical Development
and Wellness courses must lead to a set of pre-determined outcomes. Further, the Department must
specify the means through which these outcomes will be obtained (see below).

Outcome #1: learn skills that will improve the quality and length of their lives.
*Through the learning and possible application of various precautionary and life saving measures,
students may well extend the length and/or quality of their own or others lives.

Outcome #2: make proactive choices that lead to a healthier lifestyle.

*Through exposure to safety oriented lectures and materials (i.e. "drug misuse" unit) students may be additionally persuaded to make proactive choices leading to healthier lifestyles.

Outcome #3: explore dimensions of personal health promotion and disease prevention.

*Through exposure to the units on "infectious diseases and emergency care" students will be required
to explore dimensions of disease prevention in emergency situations.

Outcome #4: attain skills necessary to make critical decisions regarding health-related issues.

*Leading to basic CPR and First Aid Certification, this course provides students with the skills necessary
to evaluate emergency situations and to make critical decisions regarding health related issues in such situations.

Outcome #5: understand health as multidimensional, involving the whole person’s relationship
to the total environment.

*Ongoing class discussion and activities throughout the semester provides insight on the need for first
aid/CPR training on a daily basis in all walks of life/professions and allows time for student reflection on
its value for self-help, help for others, preparation for disaster and safety awareness as each relates to
the total environment.

*Students will increase their personal safety and accident/illness knowledge by becoming acquainted
with accident causes and knowledge of elimination strategies or ability to minimize causes in relation
to their surroundings.

Outcome #7: become intelligent consumers of good healthy habits and information.

*This course emphasizes the importance of a safe, healthy lifestyle. Student projects like "Healthy
Lifestyles Awareness Inventory" and "Behavior Modification Contract" provides a means for students
to evaluate their lifestyle, determine how to improve it and assist in prevention of lifestyle-related illness
and injury.

Outcome #10: become accountable for their health and leisure choices and the impact of
those choices on self, others, and the environment.

*First Aid participants engage in ethical discussions related to "good samaritan" laws and one’s
responsibility for others in the face of emergency or disaster. This activity encourages students to
reflect upon the impact of their choices on others.

*The fact that students select to participate in a First Aid/CPR class is an indication that they are
willing to accept some accountability for their own health and leisure choices as well as assisting
those in need.

Through hands-on participation, students are exposed to knowledge and skills necessary in an
emergency to help sustain life and minimize pain and the consequences of injury or sudden illness
until trained medical help arrives. Students are prepared via course content and activities to recognize emergencies and make appropriate decisions for care.

This course emphasizes prevention of injuries and illness, with a focus on personal safety and health.
Using a healthy lifestyles-awareness inventory, students assess their environment and personal habits
to reduce their risk of injury and illness prior to its onset and make pro-active healthy choices. They will
explore diseases (illness) prevention and understand health as multidimensional.

It is important to know how to recognize emergency situations and how to respond. This course prepares
one to make appropriate decisions regarding first aid care and to act on those informed decisions.

Methods Used:

Course content is presented in various ways. The textbook, which is assigned reading, contains
information for class discussion. The use of videos, transparencies and slides support class
discussion and emphasize key points to be remembered when making decisions in emergencies
and providing appropriate care. They also present hands-on skills that will be practical in class via
active involvement and serve to learn process and increase confidence in responding to emergencies.

The course design allows students to frequently evaluate progress in terms of skill competency;
knowledge and decision making as students become intelligent consumers of solid healthy habits.
Some practice sessions require practice individually on a manikin while others give the opportunity
to practice with a partner or small group. This provides a sense of care for a live victim and aids in
reducing concerns or fears when giving care if in the position to have to do so. Specific skill competency
is evaluated by certified instructor during practice sessions according to American Red Cross criteria
(First Aid and Adult, Child & Infant CPR). Making appropriate decisions is also enhanced by class activities…i.e. given situations in the form of scenarios in which to apply learned knowledge and skills.
These scenarios also offer the chance to discuss with the instructor the many real life different situations encountered in any emergency as well as prevention.

Overall, participants will become accountable for their health choices and the impact of those choices
on self and others.

Students Will:

…read and reflect on textbook accounts of prevention prior and then possible emergency care if
    needed
…analyze situations/discuss and formulate approaches in situational problem solving
…recognize and identify problems and make use of basic first aid and CPR tools via active involvement
…develop an awareness of prevention strategies (injury/illness)
…have the opportunity for community service involvement via area Red Cross outlets/events

Practical Work: Written Work:
bulletBandaging* 5 Written Exams
bulletSplinting* Self Tests
bulletBleeding Control* Healthy Lifestyle/Awareness Invent
bulletTransportation* Behavior Modification Contracts
bulletShock Treatment
bulletCPR Check sheets (Adult/Child/Infant)
bulletCommunity Service Option

 

Department of Physical Education and Recreation
College of Education
PER Course Number: 214
Course Title: Standard First Aid/CPR
Semester Hours: 3 SH
Frequency of Offering: Every Semester
Prerequisites: None
Grading: Grade Only
Course applies to: University Studies – Physical Development and Wellness
Instructor: Terri A. Sheridan, 134 Memorial Hall
Tsheridan@winona.edu
507-457-5577

Course Syllabus
This is a 3 credit University Studies course that satisfies the "Physical Development and
Wellness" component of the student’s Basic Studies program. Designated U Studies
outcomes for this course are listed below. Additionally the U Studies outcome-related, learning activities/topics/objectives are referenced within the text of the syllabus.

Outcome #1: learn skills that will improve the quality and length of their lives.

Outcome #2: make proactive choices that lead to a healthier lifestyle.

Outcome #3: explore dimensions of personal health promotion and disease prevention.

Outcome #4: attain skills necessary to make critical decisions regarding health-related issues.

Outcome #5: understand health as multidimensional, involving the whole person’s relationship
                       to the total environment.

Outcome #7: become intelligent consumers of good healthy habits and information.

Outcome #10: become accountable for their health and leisure choices and the impact of those
                         choices on self, others, and the environment.

1. CATALOG DESCRIPTION
           Standard First Aid and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Accident scene management,
           victim assessment, basic life support, injury management and victim care knowledge
           and practice are emphasized. First aid and CPR certification can be earned.

2. MAJOR FOCUS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE
          The major focus of this course is directed toward supplying the student with essential
          information for the development of the student's first aid knowledge, skill, ability and
          personal judgment as it relates to emergency situations.

           COURSE OBJECTIVES

A. Emphasis is on the knowledge, skill, practice professionalism concepts included in the
        Effective Educator Program Model.

       1. Upon the completion of the course, participants should have become prepared,
                through knowledge and skill development to meet the needs of most situations
                when emergency first aid is needed and medical assistance is not excessively
               delayed. (knowledge, skill and practice).

       2. The student should have increased his/her personal safety and accident prevention
                knowledge by becoming acquainted with accident causes and knowledge of action
               that can be taken to eliminate or minimize such causes.
               (knowledge and professionalism).
  1. COURSE OUTLINE WITH MAJOR TOPICS AND SUBTOPICS
  1. Introduction to First Aid (Outcomes #1,2,5,7,10)

                     1. Need for first aid training
                     2. Value of first aid training
                         a.Self-help
                         b.Help for others
                         c.Preparation for disaster
                         d.Safety awareness and "scene safety"
                         e.Infectious diseases and emergency care (Outcome #3)
                             1.   Disease transmission
                             2.   Emergency scene transmittable disease
                             3.   Personal protection

                     3. Legal aspects of first aid
                        a.     Duty to act
                        b.     Good Samaritan Laws
                        c.      Right to refuse care
                        d.      obtain consent
                        e.     "Reasonable Man" test

            B. General directions for first aid (Outcomes #1,4)
                      1.   Duties at the scene
                      2. Activating the emergency medical system
                      3. Urgent care – high priority injuries
                           a. Breathing
                           b. Bleeding
                           c. Head Injuries
                           d .Chest injuries
                           e. Cardiac problems
                           f.   Shock

            C. Body Systems/Function (Outcomes #3,7)

    1. Skeletal
    2. Muscular
    3. Circulatory
    4. Respiratory
    5. Digestive
    6. Urinary
    7. Endocrine
    8. Nervous
    9. Skin
  1. Victim Assessment (Outcomes #1,4)
  1. Arriving at scene
  2. Mechanism of injury
    1. Amount of force/speed
    2. Direction of force
    3. Body part impacted
    4. Type of object involved in impact

      3.  Primary survey

    1. A = Open airway
    2. B = Breathing, artificial ventilation
    3. C = Circulation, pulselessness
    4. H = Hemorrhage control

       4.Neuro exam
       5.Vital signs
       6.Victim history (SAMPLE)
       7.Secondary survey

   E.  Respiratory emergencies and artificial respiration (Outcomes #1,4)

  1. Breathing process
  2. Obstructed airway – methods and procedures
    1. Conscious and unconscious victim
    1. Infant
    2. Child
    3. Adult

      3.  Artificial Ventilation – methods and procedures

    1. Infant
    2. Child
    3. Adult

    F.  Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (Outcomes #1,4)

  1. Causes of cardiac difficulties
  2. Method and procedure of CPR
    1. Infant
    2. Child
    3. Adult

    G.  Bleeding and Shock (Outcomes #1,4)

  1. Shock due to severe bleeding
  2. Wounds
    1. Definition
    2. Causes
    3. Effects
    4. Types of open wounds and causes
    1. Abrasions
    2. Incisions
    3. Puncture
    4. Avulsions

              e. First aid for open wounds

(1) Severe bleeding

    1. Elevation
    2. Direct pressure
    3. Digital pressure

(2) Prevention of contamination

   f.  Infection

    1. Symptoms
    2. Interim emergency care

             g.  Bites

    1. Human
    2. Animal

             h. Closed wounds

    1. Signs and symptoms
    2. Emergency care

   H.  Specific injuries (Outcomes #1,4)

  1. Eye injuries
    1. Surface irritation of the eyeball
    2. Injury to the eyelid
    3. Blunt injury to the eye
    4. Penetrating injuries to the eye

     2. Head and spinal cord

    1. Scalp injuries
    2. Brain injuries

      3.  Face and jaw (maxillofacial area)
      4.  Neck
      5. Mouth
      6.  Ear
      7.  Nose and nosebleed
      8. Chest

    1. Sucking wounds
    2. Penetrating wounds
    3. Compression of lung tissue
    4. Crushing injuries

     9.   Abdomen
    10.  Back
    11.  Genital organs
    12. Hands and feet
    13. Legs

I. Poisoning (Outcomes #2,3,5,10)

  1. Definition
  2. Causes
  3. Ingested poisons
    1. Symptoms and signs
    2. First aid

     4.  Contact poisons

    1. Symptoms and signs
    2. First aid

     5.  Inhaled poisons
              a.   Ingestion of poisonous shellfish
              b.   Stings
              c.   Symptoms and signs
              d.   First aid

    6.Poisoning by insects

    1. Kinds and effects
    2. First aid

     7. Poisoning by venomous snakes

J. Drugs and Abuse

    1. Definitions
    1. Drug misuse
    2. Drug abuse
    3. Drug addiction

               2.   Identification of drug abuse

               3.   Classification of drugs

    1. Alcohol
    2. Cannabis
    3. Depressants
    4. Hallucinogens
    5. Inhalants
    6. Narcotics
    7. Stimulants
    8. Tranquilizers

K. Burns (Outcomes #2,3,5,10)

    1. Definition
    2. Causes and effects
    3. Classification
      a.  First degree   
      b.  Second degree
      c.  Third degree

               4.   Extent and Location
               5.   First aid

    1. First degree
    2. Second degree (small and extensive)
    3. Third degree
    4. Chemical burns
    5. Burns of the eye
    6. Sunburn
  1. Cold exposure and frostbite (Outcomes 2,5,10)
    1. Symptoms and signs
    2. First aid
    1. Frostbite
      1.  Early stages
      2.Late stages
    1. Prolonged exposure to cold
    2. Hypothermia

             3.   Wilderness emergencies

    1. Shelter
    2. Water
    3. Food

    M.  Heat stroke, heat cramps and heat exhaustion (Outcomes #2,5,10)

    1. Definitions
    2. Causes
    3. Signs, symptoms and first aid
    1. Heat stroke
    2. Heat cramps
    3. Heat exhaustion

              4.   Prevention

      N.  Bone and joint injuries (Outcome #10)

    1. Definitions
    1. Open
    2. Closed

               2.   Classification and types

    1. Comminuted
    2. Depressed
    3. Greenstick
    4. Impacted
    5. Multiple
    6. Longitudinal
    7. Oblique
    8. Spiral
    9. Stress
    10. Transverse
    11. Serrated

            3.  Indications of fractures

    1. Signs
    2. Symptoms

             4. First aid principles

             5.Splits and treatment for specific fractures

    1. Skull
    2. Face
    3. Spine and vertebrae
    4. Trunk region
    5. Pelvis
    6. Ribs and sternum
    7. Clavich
    8. Shoulder
    9. Forearm and wrist
    10. Fingers and hand
    11. Hip and thigh
    12. Kneecap
    13. Lower leg
    14. Ankle and foot

             6.   Dislocations

    1. Causes
    2. Signs and symptoms
    3. First aid

             7.   Sprains

    1. Causes
    2. Signs and symptoms
    3. Types

   O.  Dressing and bandages (Outcomes #1,4)

    1. Definitions
    2. Dressing
        a. Functions
        b.Types

               3.   Bandages
                     a.   Functions
                     b.   Types

               4. Use of bandages and dressings

    1. Elastic bandages
    2. Gauze bandages
    3. Triangular bandages
    4. Cravat bandages
    5. Adhesive-strip dressings
    6. Bandages-anchoring (roller bandages)
    7. Bandage-securing (roller bandages)
    8. Bandages for specific purpose

              5.   Roller bandages

    a.  Closed spiral
    b.  Open spiral
    c.   Figure 8 hand
    d.   Figure 8 foot
    e.   Finger
    f.   Shoulder

              6.   Triangular or cravat

    1. Open triangular for scalp and forehead
    2. Cravat for cheek, ear or head
    3. Cravat for forehead, ears and eyes
    4. Triangular for chest or back
    5. Ribs
    6. Shoulder or hip
    7. Elbow or Knee
    8. Forearm, thigh or lower leg cravat
    9. Palm pressure
    10. Open hand or foot
    11. Cravat figure 8 for hand

   P.  Sudden illnesses (Outcomes #2,3,7)

    1. Simple fainting
    1. Causes
    2. Symptoms and signs
    3. First aid

              2.   Cerebral vascular accidents (strokes)

    1. Cerebral embolism
            1.Characteristics
            2. Causes
            3. First aid

               b. Cerebral thrombosis

    1. Characteristics
    2. Causes
    3. First aid

        3.  Heart attacks

    1. Types
    1. Coronary insufficiency (angina pectoris)
    2. Congestive heart failure
    3. Arrhythmia
    4. Myocardial infarction
    1. Causes
    2. Signs and symptoms
    3. First aid

         4. Convulsions and epilepsy

    1. Causes
    2. Signs and symptoms
    3. First aid

         5.  Crises related to diabetes

    1. Diabetic coma
    1. Indications
    2. Treatment

               b. Insulin shock

    1. Indications
    2. Treatment

     6.  Mental and emotional disturbances

a. Types
b.  Signs and symptoms
c.  Care

   Q.     Emergency rescue and transfer (Outcomes #1,4)

    1. Definition of emergency rescue
    2. Indications for immediate rescue
    3. Immediate rescue without assistance
    1. Pulling the victim
    2. Lifting the victim
    3. Supporting the victim

                4. Immediate rescue with assistance

    1. Chair carry
    2. Fore-and-aft carry
    3. Two-handed and four-handed seats
    4. Blanket techniques
    5. Three-man hammock carry
    6. Three-man or four-man lift
    7. Six-man lift and carry

              5.   Use of stretchers, lifters or backboards

    1. Types
    1. Army stretcher
    2. Folding stretching
    3. Scoop
    4. Basket

                b.   Improvised lifter
                c.   Carrying techniques
                d.   Position of bearers

 

4. BASIC INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN AND TEACHING METHODS UTILIZED

The Standard First Aid and CPR course contains a number of units. Each
unit calls for a presentation of specific information on a subject or subjects
and class participation in some type of activity, such as seeing or taking part
in a demonstration or discussion, studying text material, being evaluated,
carrying out skill development and practice solving problems or viewing
slides, transparencies, charts, films, etc.

The instructor follow the teaching outline in the Instructor Manual for this
course. Each unit contains the following information prior to the subject
matter:

1. Unit objectives: this gives the desire learning outcome for the student
         based on knowledge, skill and behavioral objectives.

2. Material and equipment: these are classroom support aids and practice
        session aids (slides, transparencies, mannequins, etc.)

3. Textbook references: this section gives the textbook chapter number, name
         pages on which the unit is based.

5. COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

A.    Written Unit Exams: Each test is over two or more chapters of the text
        and the additional handout material the students are given. (4 or 5 tests)

B. Check-off and meeting criteria for the following:

1. Obstructed airway

a.. Conscious victim

                                                                      1. Adult
                                                                      2. Child

b. Unconscious victim

1. Adult
2. Infant

2. Artificial ventilation

a. Mouth to mouth (adult)
b. Mouth to stoma (adult)
c. Mouth to nose (adult)
d. Mouth to mouth and nose (infant)
e. Chest pressure-arm lift (Silvester 
        Method)

C. Practical Final Exams (There are two problems of a "trauma test" nature). This is by far the most critical part of the training. The student must be able to perform the skills needed to save lives. Each group of four students is monitored during their practical exam. Their performance is critiqued in detail upon completion of their problem/situation and a grade given.

D. Community Service Opportunity

6. METHODS OF EVALUATION

Based on course requirements above

7. TEXTBOOK

First Aid – Responding to Emergencies (2nd Edition).

8. LIST OF REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

Advanced First Aid and Emergency Care - American Red Cross

First Aid Principles and Procedures - Docarmo and Patterson

First Aid for Health Emergencies - Hafen and Peterson

First Aid and Emergency Rescue - Erven

First Aid: Contempory Practices and Principles - Hafen, Thygerson and Peterson